抗癌新药奥沙利铂治疗晚期大肠癌
3.2 消化系统毒性 尽管常规已应用镇吐药预防治疗，恶心呕吐仍较常见〔13〕，发生率为64.9%，Ⅲ和Ⅳ度毒性为10.7%；腹泻发生率30.4%，Ⅲ和Ⅳ度为4.0%。粘膜炎为6%。
3.3 血液系统毒性 单药使用引起的骨髓毒性少见。血红蛋白下降为22.4%，Ⅲ和Ⅳ度为1.8%；白细胞减少发生率为11.0%，Ⅲ和Ⅳ度为0.4%；中性粒细胞下降为9.4%，Ⅲ和Ⅳ度为0.8%；血小板减少为11.1%，Ⅲ和Ⅳ度为1.9%。
3.4 耳毒性 具有微弱的潜在耳毒性，远较DDP为轻〔14〕。
3.5 其他 皮肤毒性发生率1.6%，发热3.6%，注射过程中不适昏厥为1%，轻微肝功异常26%，未见肾功异常。
4 讨论
40年来，对晚期大肠癌5-Fu是最有效的药物，5-Fu+FA提高了有效率，但对生存期的改善似不理想；此外，对5-Fu为基础方案抗拒者，尤其缺少有效药物。第三代铂类化合物L-OHP与DDP抗瘤谱不同，相互间无交叉耐药性，对晚期大肠癌，尤其是对5-Fu耐药者，L-OHP单药或与5-Fu联合使用均显示出令人鼓舞的疗效。此外，本品对卵巢癌有较好疗效，对非霍奇金淋巴瘤、非小细胞肺癌、头颈部肿瘤也有效，无明显肾毒性，耳毒性极微，血液学毒性较轻，因此，值得在临床上进一步扩大研究。
参考文献
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